The 4 Most Common Symptoms of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear and Their Treatment

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Symptoms

At the time of injury, a characteristic “crack” sound may be heard and there may be a sensation that something has “snapped”. The onset of symptoms is immediate and is usually accompanied by:

1. Reduced range of motion in the knee
2. Swelling
3. Severe pain and tenderness along the joint
4. Instability while walking

Risk Factors for an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Anterior cruciate ligament tears usually occur during sports and exercise activities that can place stress on the knee. This includes movements such as:

• twisting on a bent knee
• sudden change of direction
• sudden stopping
• awkward landing from a jump
• direct impact to the knee

When to Seek Treatment

If an anterior cruciate ligament injury is suspected, referral to a specialist orthopaedic surgeon is recommended. The doctor will perform a physical examination in order to determine the extent of the injury. The diagnosis is confirmed with an MRI scan, which will also reveal any other injuries (such as a meniscus tear).

Treatment of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

In the acute phase, ice therapy, compression and elevation of the limb, rest and pain-relieving medication are recommended. However, an anterior cruciate ligament tear cannot repair itself, and the patient often develops a feeling of chronic instability in the knee. In addition, a young person with an anterior cruciate ligament tear has a greater risk of developing knee arthritis in the future.

This is followed by reconstructive surgery with knee arthroscopy. During this minimally invasive technique, the orthopaedic surgeon removes the damaged ligament and replaces it with a tendon graft that reconstructs the anterior cruciate ligament.

Recovery After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Recovery time varies depending on the extent and severity of the injury. Physiotherapy is recommended in order for the patient to regain full range of motion, strength and stability in the affected knee. Return to sport usually takes place 6 months after surgery.

Read also: Fast-Track Arthroplasty: What You Need to Know, Knee Injury and Shoulder Instability. More answers in the frequently asked questions.